por Ramiro Aznar / by Ramiro Aznar
Área de estudio // Study Area
Callejero // Name of the streets
Showing posts with label STUDY AREA. Show all posts
Showing posts with label STUDY AREA. Show all posts
Mapas del área de estudio, callejero y factores urbanos // Study area, urban factors and other maps
Área de estudio // Study Area
mapa de acceso a los servicios públicos // map of access to public service
por Ramiro Aznar Ballarín // by Ramiro Aznar Ballarín
Mapa de acceso a los servicios públicos de Zuera. [hecho con ScribbleMaps Pro] // Map of access to public services in Zuera. [made with ScribbleMaps Pro]
Mapa de acceso a los servicios públicos de Zuera. [hecho con ScribbleMaps Pro] // Map of access to public services in Zuera. [made with ScribbleMaps Pro]
mapa base de las calles y carreteras // street and road basemap
Mapa base creado con ArcGIS 9.2 de las calles y carreteras de Zuera, también se han añadido los cursos de agua (el Río Gállego y la acequia de Candevanía). // A basemap made by ArcGIS 9.2 of the streets and roads of the village of Zuera; in addition, it has been added the local watercourses (the Gállego river and the Candevanía channel).
mapa de las zonas verdes y plazas // open space and greenspace map
Mapa simplificado creado con Scribble Maps de las zonas verdes (en verde) y plazas (en azúl) de Zuera. // A very simplified map made by Scribble Maps of the green areas (in green) and squares or "plazas" (in blue) of the village of Zuera.
numbers, figures and graphs // cifras, figuras y gráficos
por Ramiro Aznar Ballarín
Evolución del paro medio anual (a), y evolución del número de turismos (b). // Annual average unemployment evolution (a), and evolution of the number of cars (b).
El municipio de Zuera tiene 7.427 habitantes [1], y como se puede observar en el siguiente gráfico (a), la mayoría están concentrados en el núcleo poblacional que lleva el mismo nombre. En cuanto a su tendencia, la población de Zuera ha ido aumentando progresivamente desde comienzos del siglo pasado (b). De especial importancia es la reciente llegada de inmigrantes desde países de Europa del Este -Rumanía y Polonia principalmente- de Europa buscando oportunidades laborales, principalmente en el sector de la construcción, debido a su desproporcionado desarrollo y a las obras que acarrearon la exposición internacional realizada en Zaragoza en 2008. El último gráfico de la sección muestra la estructura de la población (c), del cual se puede obtener que la edad media del municipio es de 40,4 años, la tasa de feminidad de 91,5 y que el 16,5 % de los residentes tienen 65 o más años.
Relación de unidades poblacionales (a), evolución de la población (b), y estructura de población (c). // Relationship of poblational units (a), population evolution (b), and demographic structure (d).
Según los datos de 2001, el municipio presenta 2,344 trabajadores y 299 estudiantes, de los cuales una gran proporción lo hace en la capital y ciudad más cercana, Zaragoza. Por otro lado, los datos del año pasado muestran que los trabajos más numerosos son los funcionarios, seguidos por la industria (alimentación, química, fabricación...), la construcción, la agricultura y ganadería, y el comercio. El número de desempleados ha subido de forma drástica en los dos últimos años (a), siendo la construcción uno de los sectores más afectados debido a la crisis inmobiliaria, obligando a volver a sus países de origen a muchos inmigrantes residentes en la localidad. Por último, me gustaría resaltar la evolución del número de vehículos en nuestro pueblo, la cual ha tenido un claro signo positivo en la última docena de años (b).
urban evolution // evolución urbanística
by Ramiro Aznar Ballarín
1950
The modern urbanism began in the village of Zuera in the 50s with the creation of the "Plan General" by Regino Borobio. This is a typical urban planning of its time, proactive and focused on expanding the urban buildable land. It is a planning, thus, closer to the urbanism of the 30s and 40s of the last century, in which the most important point was the definition of the block lineups, than to the latter urbanism, which was more interested in land management and deliverying urban infrastructures and facilities.
In short, it can be said that the planning is applied since its formulation and because of this, it can be addressed three main consequences. Firstly, there was not any development on the land classified as urban developable by the planning. Conversely, there was intensive modifications on the land allocated as no-developable like El Campillo (industrial), and Las Lomas and Las Galias (residential). Secondly, the most consolidated area Zuera, its centre o "casco viejo", undertook a strong desification due to the fact of the emergence of a new typology of suburban buildings and hence, its landscape and quality of life diminished. Finally, a part of El Ensanche, the urban frabric builded on the hillslope, was outside of ordenance.
1980
Almost 30 years latter, once Spain moved from the Franco's dictatorship to democracy, the new local authorities decided making a new urban planning which attempted to solve the problems resulted from the first plan. They found that the village had major needs and pathologies like absence of urban infrastructures, open space and greenspace, and a growing densification of the town's centre.
The new Plan General did not want to be a simple lineup planning, it had to be a tool as well as a medium to change the village's environment, and more concretely the urban milieu and, as a result, enhance the quality of life of the villagers. Therefore, this planning attempted not to be just a sketch, but an action programme, supported by a economic and finalcial study. From the point of view of the land classification, the new planning is conservative. In contrast, the community could obtain new essential urban facilities like a high school, a nursery and a sports centre.
Moreover, its goals were to classify as consolidated urban land the surface of El Ensanche and to improve its urban infrastructure, to deliver the necessary facilities which the residents of Zuera needed: sports (swimming pool and sports centre), educational and cultural (high school and library) and administrative facilities (new town hall), to create a new network system of open space and greenspaces such as the Parque Municipal near the river Gállego, to improve the urban landscape, modifying the use of some streets, narrow alleys ("callizos") and squares ("plazas"), and finally, to diminish the urban use in the town centre, reducing the housing maximum heigh, for instance.
1990
According to the own Plan General of 1980, its period of life was eight years, once these were completed it was decided to undertake a revision and an ulterior modification. The main actions were the outline of the national road 123, the enlargement of the industrial land, the urban developable land between Zuera and El Campillo, and in Las Lomas.
Leer en castellano...
1950
The modern urbanism began in the village of Zuera in the 50s with the creation of the "Plan General" by Regino Borobio. This is a typical urban planning of its time, proactive and focused on expanding the urban buildable land. It is a planning, thus, closer to the urbanism of the 30s and 40s of the last century, in which the most important point was the definition of the block lineups, than to the latter urbanism, which was more interested in land management and deliverying urban infrastructures and facilities.
"Plan General" of 1,954: urban buildable land classified in 1954 (in yellow), and between 1954 and 1980 (in beige). // Plan General de 1954: suelo urbano edificable calificado en 1954 (en amarillo), y entre 1954 y 1980 (en beis).
In short, it can be said that the planning is applied since its formulation and because of this, it can be addressed three main consequences. Firstly, there was not any development on the land classified as urban developable by the planning. Conversely, there was intensive modifications on the land allocated as no-developable like El Campillo (industrial), and Las Lomas and Las Galias (residential). Secondly, the most consolidated area Zuera, its centre o "casco viejo", undertook a strong desification due to the fact of the emergence of a new typology of suburban buildings and hence, its landscape and quality of life diminished. Finally, a part of El Ensanche, the urban frabric builded on the hillslope, was outside of ordenance.
Suburban blocks in Candevanía Street // Tipologías suburbiales en la calle Candevanía [photo by Gonzalo Bullón, 1980]
1980
Almost 30 years latter, once Spain moved from the Franco's dictatorship to democracy, the new local authorities decided making a new urban planning which attempted to solve the problems resulted from the first plan. They found that the village had major needs and pathologies like absence of urban infrastructures, open space and greenspace, and a growing densification of the town's centre.
The new Plan General did not want to be a simple lineup planning, it had to be a tool as well as a medium to change the village's environment, and more concretely the urban milieu and, as a result, enhance the quality of life of the villagers. Therefore, this planning attempted not to be just a sketch, but an action programme, supported by a economic and finalcial study. From the point of view of the land classification, the new planning is conservative. In contrast, the community could obtain new essential urban facilities like a high school, a nursery and a sports centre.
"Plan General" of 1,980: urban buildable land classified as urban (in yellow), and developable (in red). // Plan General de 1980: suelos clasificados como urbanos (en amarillo), y urbanizables (en rojo).
Moreover, its goals were to classify as consolidated urban land the surface of El Ensanche and to improve its urban infrastructure, to deliver the necessary facilities which the residents of Zuera needed: sports (swimming pool and sports centre), educational and cultural (high school and library) and administrative facilities (new town hall), to create a new network system of open space and greenspaces such as the Parque Municipal near the river Gállego, to improve the urban landscape, modifying the use of some streets, narrow alleys ("callizos") and squares ("plazas"), and finally, to diminish the urban use in the town centre, reducing the housing maximum heigh, for instance.
Church Plaza // Plaza de la Iglesia [photo by José Aznar Grasa]
1990
According to the own Plan General of 1980, its period of life was eight years, once these were completed it was decided to undertake a revision and an ulterior modification. The main actions were the outline of the national road 123, the enlargement of the industrial land, the urban developable land between Zuera and El Campillo, and in Las Lomas.
Plan General" of 1,991: urban buildable land classified as urban (in yellow) and developable (in red), and new additions of urban developable land after the year 2001 (in orange). // Plan General de 1980: suelos clasificados como urbanos (en amarillo) y urbanizables (en rojo), y ampliación de suelos urbanizables posterior a 2001 (en naranja).
Leer en castellano...
residential and industrial map // mapa de uso residencial e industrial
A very simplified map made by Scribble Maps of the residential (in green) and industrial (in red) areas of the village of Zuera. // Mapa simplificado creado con Scribble Maps del uso residencial (en verde) e industrial (en rojo) de Zuera.
between the hill, the stone and the river // entre el monte, la piedra y el río
by Ramiro Aznar Ballarín
In order to understand how a town works, it is essential to know its spatial, social and historical context. While the current post describes its landscape [1, 2], the following ones will be focused on its history and urban evolution.
The village of Zuera is situated within the municipal area of its same name. This is located within the province of Zaragoza, concretely 26 northeast from the capital of Aragon, Zaragoza. Further, the municipal area of Zuera has a total surface of 33,317 ha, and it is geographically placed between the Ebro basin, and the Exterior Sierras of the pre-Pyrenees. The Gállego river runs through the region and its average altitude is approximately 300 m, although in the highest part of the "monte" there are hills which can reach 700 m as the 726 m of La Lomaza, the highest hill of the area.
The landscape of the municipal area is very diverse. In fact, we can find a mixture of flat and hilly ("alomados") surfaces. The flat territories, on the one hand, are shaped by the Gállego river dynamics, that is the Quaternary alluvial terraces. Dwelling on these horizontal surfaces the different urban areas (Zuera, El Portazgo, barrio de la Estación, Las Galias, Ontinar de Salz, and Las Lomas del Gállego) as well as the industrial parks (El Campillo and Los Llanos de la Estación). Moreover on the terraces and the alluvial landscape it is possible to find orchards and irrigated agriculture crops.
The turquoise water of the Gállego river // Las aguas turquesas del Gállego [photo by José Aznar Grasa]
On the other, the hilly landscape is composed by the Tertiary structural platforms, made by geological materials like marl and gypsum, the latter is considered as one of the most conspicuous elements of the landscape of Zuera. These soft rocks make a fragile and brittle landscape, and as a result, the hillslopes have plenty of long incisions and small ravines. Because of these particular geological features, there are several small basins with flat bottom where rainfed crops can develop.
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Finally, in the northwest part of the municipal area, in which the landscape is more abrupt and hilly, there can be seen the limestone surfaces at the top of the so-called "muelas" or "mesas" (small plateaus) that are typical of the landscape of "monte alto" and its pinewoods.
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